World Languages and Cultures

ARAB 1101. Elementary Arabic 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of Modern Standard Arabic. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Uses practical vocabulary drawn from realistic situations, and aims at good pronunciation and ease in response. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with various audio-visual resources.

ARAB 1102. Elementary Arabic 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ARAB 1101. Reviews and continues the study of grammar and basic language skills. Offers progressively more intensive practice in oral and written communication. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with various audio-visual resources.

Prerequisite(s): ARAB 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

ARAB 1502. Introduction to Arab Culture. (4 Hours)

Designed to provide students with an in-depth survey of Arab culture. Familiarizes students with the roots of one of the richest and oldest cultures but also seeks to satisfy their curiosity concerning certain social norms, patterns, and cultural traits in contemporary Arab societies. Examines cultural manifestations ranging from the hijab (head covering), Jihad (holy struggle), human rights, polygamy, gender relations, public behavior, and many others by providing the historical backgrounds for these customs and traditions as well as exploring how they are now perceived in various Arab societies as well as in the West. Seeks to provide students with an appreciation for this multifaceted culture but most importantly a broad perspective on Arab culture within the context of the universal human experience.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

ARAB 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 2101. Intermediate Arabic 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current standard Arabic materials.

Prerequisite(s): ARAB 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

ARAB 2102. Intermediate Arabic 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on ARAB 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current standard Arabic materials.

Prerequisite(s): (ARAB 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

ARAB 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 3101. Advanced Arabic 1. (4 Hours)

Continues development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to further develop grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): ARAB 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or ARAB 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

ARAB 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

ARAB 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 1101. Elementary Chinese 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who have very little or no prior knowledge of Chinese. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Each lesson incorporates helpful information about daily life in China and the varied cultures within the world of Chinese speakers. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources. Focuses on Mandarin Chinese; students who wish to speak another dialect of Chinese should consult instructor for proper placement.

CHNS 1102. Elementary Chinese 2. (4 Hours)

Continues CHNS 1101. Reviews and continues the study of grammar and basic language skills. Offers progressively more intensive practice in oral and written communication. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 1944. Cultural Engagement: Dialogue of Civilizations. (4 Hours)

Engages students on-site with the culture(s) of Chinese-speaking regions and/or communities. Emphasizes the complexity, transnationalism, and interdisciplinary nature of culture(s). Employs a range of methodological approaches to describe and analyze how cultural practices, objects, texts, and meanings are created, distributed, and exchanged within particular social groups or geographic areas. Explores questions of cultural identity, meaning, representation, policy formations, and ideologies. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, offers students an opportunity to engage in a dialogue with members of the local communities about their perspectives on relevant cultural topics and everyday experiences. May be repeated once. Conducted in English.

CHNS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 2101. Intermediate Chinese 1. (4 Hours)

Seeks to consolidate the foundation built in elementary Chinese courses. Offers students an opportunity to develop higher oral proficiency, as well as reading and writing skills. Requires students to perform various tasks, such as describing, comparing, and narrating, in culturally appropriate ways.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 2102. Intermediate Chinese 2. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes vocabulary building and mastery of fine points of grammar through written compositions, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussions of material from everyday life to situate language learning in authentic contexts.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 2301 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 1502 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 2301. Intermediate Chinese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

CHNS 2302. Intermediate Chinese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

CHNS 2900. Specialized Instruction in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 3101. Advanced Chinese 1. (4 Hours)

Stresses the fundamentals of Chinese to promote effective self-expression through speaking and writing and to explore the idiomatic aspects of the language. Through progressive class discussions and oral and written commentaries, students analyze a contemporary Chinese novel or a Chinese cultural reader, screenplay, or collection of short stories. The course strives, first, to help students read and comprehend modern Chinese writing with confidence and to be able to talk and write about it in good Chinese; and second, to provide preparation for advanced courses.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or CHNS 2302 with a minimum grade of D-

CHNS 3102. Advanced Chinese 2. (4 Hours)

Continues CHNS 3101. Designed to enhance and reinforce the practical language and communication skills that students employ when they are abroad. Offers students an opportunity to participate in service-learning experiences.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or CHNS 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 3301. Advanced Chinese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

CHNS 3302. Advanced Chinese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Chinese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

CHNS 3800. Special Topics in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Chinese language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 3900. Specialized Instruction in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 4800. Special Topics in Chinese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Chinese language and culture for advanced Chinese-language learners. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): CHNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

CHNS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

CHNS 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 1101. Elementary German 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of German. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Each lesson incorporates helpful information about daily life in German. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

GRMN 1102. Elementary German 2. (4 Hours)

Continues GRMN 1101. Includes completion of basic grammatical usage, reading of contemporary German material, and increased stress on oral and aural skills.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 1301 with a minimum grade of C- or German Placement Test with a score of 126

GRMN 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 2101. Intermediate German 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary German materials.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 1302 with a minimum grade of C- or German Placement Test with a score of 226

GRMN 2102. Intermediate German 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on GRMN 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary German materials.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 2301 with a minimum grade of C-

GRMN 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 3101. Advanced German 1. (4 Hours)

Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 2302 with a minimum grade of C- or German Placement Test with a score of 411

GRMN 3102. Advanced German 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on GRMN 3101 and continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or GRMN 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

GRMN 3800. Special Topics in German. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of German language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): GRMN 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

GRMN 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

GRMN 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 1101. Elementary Hebrew 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with little or no prior knowledge of Hebrew. Presents a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Uses practical vocabulary drawn from realistic situations, and aims at good pronunciation and ease in response.

HBRW 1102. Elementary Hebrew 2. (4 Hours)

Continues HBRW 1101. Includes continued focus on oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Expands functional and practical vocabulary base drawn from realistic situations and focuses on grammatical accuracy. Continues to focus on good pronunciation and ease of response.

Prerequisite(s): HBRW 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or HBRW 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

HBRW 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 2101. Intermediate Hebrew 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Hebrew materials.

Prerequisite(s): HBRW 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or HBRW 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

HBRW 2102. Intermediate Hebrew 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on HBRW 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Hebrew materials.

Prerequisite(s): (HBRW 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or HBRW 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

HBRW 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

HBRW 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 1101. Elementary Italian 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of Italian. Provides a lively introduction to basic oral expression, listening comprehension, and elementary reading and writing. Each lesson incorporates helpful information about daily life in Italy and the varied cultures within the world of Italian speakers. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

ITLN 1102. Elementary Italian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ITLN 1101. Reviews and continues the study of grammar and basic language skills. Offers progressively more intensive practice in oral and written communication. Laboratory practice complements class work, enables students to work aloud at their own speed, reinforces their acquisition of essential structures, and acquaints them with a vast library of audio-visual resources.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 1251. Dante’s "Inferno" and Medieval Italian Culture. (4 Hours)

Presents an overview of Dante’s "Commedia," with a focus on the first book, "Inferno." Explores the descending levels of hell, analyzing the historical and cultural context of Dante's time, including political events and social structures. Examines theological concepts such as sin, punishment, redemption, and the afterlife from the perspective of Christian theology. Through the literary analysis of selected chapters (canti), evaluates the potential relevance of the poem to the modern human condition and to the reader's own experiences. Taught in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Ethical Reasoning, NUpath Interpreting Culture

ITLN 1290. Realism and Modernism in Italian Film. (4 Hours)

Examines the significance of postwar Italian cinema as a crucial platform for cultural expression by exploring some of the most influential films and directors from the neorealism era to the 1970s. Analyzes neorealism film, considering its role in empowering marginalized groups and reshaping Italy's cinematic landscape. Explores how issues such as class divisions, culture conflicts, and ideological debates are portrayed in films, with the aim of influencing and redefining Italian unity and identity. Investigates the sociocultural repercussions of the economic boom of the 1950s and 1960s, particularly in the transition toward modernism in cinema. Offers students an opportunity to appreciate the aesthetic expressions within Italian cinema and to explore the connection between film styles and practices with their historical and cultural contexts. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

ITLN 1503. Introduction to Italian Culture. (4 Hours)

Explores the construction of an Italian national cultural identity through a historical and cross-disciplinary perspective from the Middle Ages; the Renaissance; and the modern, post–WWII period. Organized into modules that focus on the major issues related to the idea of unity and division such as north and south divide, regionalism, language pluralism, fascism and dissent, criminal organizations, and migration. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

ITLN 1973. Special Topics in Italian Culture. (4 Hours)

Presents an in-depth exploration of aspects of Italian cultural, social, and intellectual history, which could include literature, philosophy, art, education, politics, gender, and society. Emphasizes critical analysis of primary and secondary sources, historical context, and interdisciplinary perspectives to deepen students’ understanding of Italy's rich heritage and its place within global intellectual discourse. Themes and topics vary. Taught in English. May be repeated twice.

ITLN 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 2101. Intermediate Italian 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building and mastery of fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current Italian periodicals.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 2102. Intermediate Italian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ITLN 2101. Emphasizes further vocabulary building and mastery of fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from current Italian periodicals.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 2301 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 3101. Advanced Italian 1. (4 Hours)

Stresses the fundamentals of Italian to promote effective self-expression through speaking and writing and to explore the idiomatic aspects of the language. Through progressive class discussions and oral and written commentaries, students analyze a contemporary Italian novel or a Italian cultural reader, screenplay, or collection of short stories. The course strives, first, to help students read and comprehend modern Italian writing with confidence and to be able to talk and write about it in good Italian; and second, to provide preparation for advanced courses.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 3102. Advanced Italian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues ITLN 3101. Enhances and reinforces language and communication skills that students encounter when they are abroad.

Prerequisite(s): ITLN 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or ITLN 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

ITLN 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 4991. Research. (4 Hours)

Offers an opportunity to conduct research under faculty supervision. May be repeated without limit.

Attribute(s): NUpath Integration Experience

ITLN 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

ITLN 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 1101. Elementary Japanese 1. (4 Hours)

Introduces basic grammar, sentence patterns, and vocabulary of Japanese with emphasis on spoken Japanese. Includes an introduction to the hiragana and katakana syllabaries in the written component. Designed for students with no previous knowledge of Japanese.

JPNS 1102. Elementary Japanese 2. (4 Hours)

Continues JPNS 1101. Emphasizes the development of oral skills; secondary emphasis is on reading. Offers students the opportunity to learn basic grammatical patterns, expand vocabulary, and improve communication skills in modern Japanese. Includes the introduction to kanji characters in the written component.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 1260. Japanese Film. (4 Hours)

Provides an introduction to Japanese film through works by such great masters as Kurosawa, Mizoguchi, and Ozu, as well as works by new directors from the 1980s and 1990s such as Tami, Morita, and Suo. Studies both form and content; relates major works to Japanese culture. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

JPNS 1700. Introduction to Japanese Pop Culture. (4 Hours)

Provides an introduction to Japanese popular culture through critical analysis of mass media such as film, television, comics, and animation. Investigates various social and cultural issues, such as gender, family, and education. Films and videos supplement readings. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

JPNS 1944. Cultural Engagement: Dialogue of Civilizations. (4 Hours)

Engages students on-site with the culture(s) of Japanese-speaking regions and/or communities. Emphasizes the complexity, transnationalism, and interdisciplinary nature of culture(s). Employs a range of methodological approaches to describe and analyze how cultural practices, objects, texts, and meanings are created, distributed, and exchanged within particular social groups or geographic areas. Explores questions of cultural identity, meaning, representation, policy formations, and ideologies. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, offers students an opportunity to engage in a dialogue with members of the local communities about their perspectives on relevant cultural topics and everyday experiences. May be repeated once. Conducted in English.

JPNS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 2101. Intermediate Japanese 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Japanese materials.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 2102. Intermediate Japanese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on JPNS 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Japanese materials.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 2301 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 2301. Intermediate Japanese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

JPNS 2302. Intermediate Japanese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence. Focuses on oral and aural skills that are enhanced by the immersion environment.

JPNS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 3101. Advanced Japanese 1. (4 Hours)

Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 3102. Advanced Japanese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on JPNS 3101 and continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or JPNS 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 3301. Advanced Japanese Immersion 1. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

JPNS 3302. Advanced Japanese Immersion 2. (4 Hours)

Designed for students who are in a Japanese-speaking country, this is an off-campus immersion course. Offers students an opportunity to continue to develop grammatical and conversational competence.

JPNS 3800. Special Topics in Japanese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Japanese language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): JPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

JPNS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

JPNS 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

KORE 1101. Elementary Korean 1. (4 Hours)

Begins the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of daily life, social norms, and family structure in Korea. Designed for students with little or no knowledge of Korean.

KORE 1102. Elementary Korean 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on KORE 1101 and continues the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the linguistic, cultural, and geographic diversity of the Korean peninsula.

Prerequisite(s): KORE 1101 with a minimum grade of C-

KORE 1800. Introduction to Korean Pop Culture. (4 Hours)

Introduces students to Korean popular culture with texts ranging from comics, films, K-drama, pop music, and popular novellas in translation. Explores how "Hallyu" (the Korean wave) reverberated through different Asian regions and the rest of the globe in the 1990s and 2000s and continues into the present through global fandoms and streaming platforms. Critically examines the rising popularity of Korean popular cultural genres and influences in various global contexts in relation to race, class, gender, ethnicity, social media, and youth culture. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

KORE 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions.

KORE 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated up to three times.

LANG 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 3600. Language Policy. (4 Hours)

Introduces the field of language policy, i.e., government or other institutional/systemic control of language use. Examines the complexity of policies and how they affect and are affected by historical, political, social, economic, ethnic, and many other factors. Covers issues including the economic efficacy of certain languages, language death, linguistic marginalization, language as a tool of nationalism, language policies and access to basic services, language activism, and language conflict scenarios. Offers students an opportunity to pursue their own case study, analyzing a specific local or global region, using both personal observations and research.

Attribute(s): NUpath Societies/Institutions

LANG 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

LANG 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 1101. Elementary Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Begins the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of daily life, social norms, and family structure in Portuguese-speaking countries.Designed for students with very little or no prior knowledge of Portuguese.

PORT 1102. Elementary Portuguese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on PORT 1101 and continues the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the linguistic, cultural, and geographic diversity of the Portuguese-speaking world.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 1501. Accelerated Elementary Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Introduces Portuguese to native/heritage speakers of Spanish, beginner-level heritage speakers of Portuguese, and students who have completed at least two levels of intermediate Spanish. Focuses on fundamental communication skills—speaking, aural comprehension, reading, and writing. Also explores cultural elements of the Portuguese-speaking countries. Students who do not have the preparation described may seek permission of instructor. This course is the equivalent of completing two semesters of elementary Portuguese.

PORT 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 2101. Intermediate Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Builds on PORT 1102 and begins the integrated development of intermediate language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the changes to modern life in Portuguese-speaking countries and efforts to face societal challenges.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 1302 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 1501 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 2102. Intermediate Portuguese 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on PORT 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Portuguese materials.

Prerequisite(s): (PORT 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

PORT 2900. Specialized Instruction in Portuguese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 3101. Advanced Portuguese 1. (4 Hours)

Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or PORT 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 3900. Specialized Instruction in Portuguese. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): PORT 2102 with a minimum grade of C-

PORT 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

PORT 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 1101. Elementary Russian 1. (4 Hours)

Explores the essentials of grammar, practice in pronunciation, acquisition of basic vocabulary, and idiomatic expressions of everyday Russian.

RSSN 1102. Elementary Russian 2. (4 Hours)

Continues RSSN 1101. Studies grammar and spoken and written forms of the language. Covers more advanced features of the language.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 1301 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 2101. Intermediate Russian 1. (4 Hours)

Emphasizes further vocabulary building. Offers students an opportunity to master the fine points of grammar through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Russian materials.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 1302 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 2102. Intermediate Russian 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on RSSN 2101 and focuses on further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through written composition, prepared oral reports, and reading and discussion from contemporary Russian materials.

Prerequisite(s): (RSSN 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 2301 with a minimum grade of C- )

RSSN 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 3101. Advanced Russian 1. (4 Hours)

Builds on RSSN 2102. Continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 2302 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 3102. Advanced Russian 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on RSSN 3101 and continues further development of vocabulary. Offers students an opportunity to continue to master grammar and conversation through advanced reading, composition, grammar review, and listening skills. Whenever possible, offers students an opportunity to engage in local community activities to enhance communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Prerequisite(s): RSSN 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or RSSN 3301 with a minimum grade of C-

RSSN 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

RSSN 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 1101. Elementary Spanish 1. (4 Hours)

Begins the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of daily life, social norms, and family structure in Spanish-speaking countries. Designed for students with little or no knowledge of Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): Placement in SPNS 1101 with a score of 1101

SPNS 1102. Elementary Spanish 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 1101. Continues the integrated development of elementary language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the linguistic, cultural, and geographic diversity of the Spanish-speaking world.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 1101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 1102 with a score of 1102

SPNS 1240. Latin American Film. (4 Hours)

Examines contemporary works of cinematography in Latin America, focusing on the culture and imagery of the Spanish-, French-, and Portuguese-speaking peoples of the Western hemisphere, including the United States. Critically engages—from a technical (cinematographic), genre, and sociohistorical perspective—topics of history, memory, and cultural resiliency; colonialism, racism, and patriarchy; dictatorship, revolution, and democratization; and nationalism, dependency, and globalization. Conducted in English; most films are in French, Portuguese, or Spanish with English subtitles.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

SPNS 1504. Cultural History of Spain. (4 Hours)

Examines chronologically the forces that have forged Spanish culture and have made Spain the pluralistic society and multinational country it is today. Traces the development of the peoples of the Iberian Peninsula from prehistoric times to the present. Based primarily on the history of ideas, the arts, and architecture, incorporates history, sociology, anthropology, geography, economics, and politics. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

SPNS 1505. Latin American Culture, History, and Politics. (4 Hours)

Offers students an opportunity to learn about Latin American culture through the study of historical episodes such as colonization, independence, and dictatorships. Explores current issues including migration, globalization, and digital media. Examines writings by Latin American authors and selected films from Latin America. Conducted in English.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Societies/Institutions

SPNS 1973. Special Topics in Hispanic Culture. (4 Hours)

Offers an in-depth exploration of a specific topic related to Hispanic culture, literature, and/or language. Taught in English. May be repeated twice.

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

SPNS 1990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 2101. Intermediate Spanish 1. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 1102 and begins the integrated development of intermediate language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion and project-based learning. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of modern life in Spanish-speaking countries and efforts to preserve cultural heritage.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 2101 with a score of 2101

SPNS 2102. Intermediate Spanish 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 2101 and continues the integrated development of intermediate language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion, project-based learning, and one-on-one conversations with native speakers from around the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to prepare to travel, live, or work abroad and gain a deeper understanding of the social and political issues that have shaped daily life in Spanish-speaking countries.

Prerequisite(s): (SPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 2102 with a score of 2102)

SPNS 2900. Specialized Instruction in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on developing students’ language proficiency and cultural competence within a specific context. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 1102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 2990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 3101. Advanced Spanish 1. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 2102 and begins the integrated development of advanced language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion, project-based learning, and one-on-one conversations with native speakers from around the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the (de)construction of social, political, and interpersonal borders in the Spanish-speaking world.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101

SPNS 3102. Advanced Spanish 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 3101 and continues the integrated development of advanced language skills through cultural exploration. Includes class discussion, project-based learning, and one-on-one conversations with native speakers from around the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the diverse gender, ethnic, racial, religious, national, and linguistic identities of Hispanic and Latinx communities in Spanish-speaking countries and the United States.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

Attribute(s): NUpath Difference/Diversity, NUpath Interpreting Culture

SPNS 3240. Social Justice in Latin American and Latinx Film. (4 Hours)

Examines issues in social justice in contemporary works of cinematography from Latin American and Latinx cultures. Critically engages—from a technical (cinematographic) and sociohistorical perspective—topics related to the representations of historically vulnerable populations, such as people of color, women, LGBTQIA+ persons, and indigenous peoples. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

SPNS 3401. Spanish for Healthcare Professionals 1. (4 Hours)

Designed to prepare students to interact with Spanish-speaking patients effectively and empathetically by exploring Hispanic cultural perspectives related to health and healthcare throughout the Spanish-speaking world, focusing on the Latino population in the United States. Offers students an opportunity to develop their linguistic skills tailored specifically to healthcare settings. Introduces a broad range of medical vocabulary and reviews the grammatical structures necessary to take a medical history, conduct a physical exam, discuss a diagnosis and treatment with patients, and perform other medical tasks in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3402. Spanish for Healthcare Professionals 2. (4 Hours)

Builds on SPNS 3401. Continues to offer students an opportunity to prepare to interact effectively and empathetically with Spanish-speaking patients through the development of linguistic skills tailored to healthcare settings. Explores Hispanic cultural perspectives related to health and healthcare. Delves deeper into current topics in healthcare such as mental illness and its representation, gender-affirming care, reproductive care, and public health emergencies, among others.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3401 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 3403. Spanish for Global Professionals. (4 Hours)

Offers students an opportunity to learn how to communicate effectively with Spanish-speaking clients and colleagues in professional settings in the United States and abroad. Designed to develop students' formal language skills and intercultural competence. Explores a wide range of cultural perspectives such as workplace dynamics and diversity, the use of technology and social media, privacy and data protection, and personal finance, among others. Students build a portfolio website in Spanish that highlights their expertise in their own field.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102 or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 3502. Authentic Spanish Grammar. (4 Hours)

Explores the authentic use of advanced grammar, focusing on improving both speaking and writing skills. Presents advanced grammatical structures, analyzes their use in authentic cultural texts, and applies them to both spoken and written tasks. Offers students an opportunity to discuss cultural topics with peers and native speakers, as well as to develop an ePortfolio of written texts and engage in the peer-editing process.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102; (ENGW 1102 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1111 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1113 with a minimum grade of C or ENGW 1114 with a minimum grade of C )

Attribute(s): NUpath Writing Intensive

SPNS 3601. Exploring Spoken Spanish. (4 Hours)

Uses project-based learning to help students build their confidence to interact with native speakers throughout the Spanish-speaking world by improving their pronunciation and listening comprehension, as well as increasing their awareness of the variation that exists in spoken Spanish. Briefly introduces the history of the Spanish language and the many Spanish-speaking communities around the world. Explores the Spanish sound system as it relates to both students' own pronunciation and to the diversity of dialects in the Spanish-speaking world. Offers students an opportunity to examine their own pronunciation, participate in one-on-one conversations with native speakers, analyze real examples of spoken Spanish, and consider the role of Spanish in bilingual communities around the world.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3602. Introduction to Spanish Linguistics. (4 Hours)

Introduces students to the study of language and the analysis of the Spanish language and its structure. Through project-based learning, students apply their knowledge of the history of the language, the sound system, word meaning, variation, social use, and Spanish-language learning to real-world examples. No previous linguistics knowledge is required.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3601 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3603 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3603. Special Topics in Spanish Linguistics. (4 Hours)

Explores a particular topic in Spanish linguistics. Topics may include phonology, syntax, morphology, sociolinguistics, language contact, bilingualism, or applied linguistics, among others. May be repeated two times.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3601 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3602 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102

SPNS 3715. New Narratives: Latin America after 1989. (4 Hours)

Focuses on film, literature, and new media. This course offers a panoramic view of the Latin American cultural production after 1989, attempting to characterize the variety of styles and trends. Relates the texts and movies to the socio, political, and economic issues of the moment, i.e., implementation of neoliberal democracies, globalization, neocolonialism, resistance, new social movements, etc. Also studies links between Latin America and the United States and between Latin America and Spain. Focuses on texts written by relatively young authors. Taught in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of D-

SPNS 3720. Literature, Arts, and Poverty in Latin America. (4 Hours)

Focuses on the construction, characteristics, and representation of poverty/the poor in Latin American texts from the thirties and sixties and in the works of contemporary Latin American writers and film directors. Discusses the relation of these works to a “realist tradition” by studying social, political, and cultural aspects of Latin America from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Considers whether we are facing a new kind of realism. Also engages the problem of representation, the “role of literature” (ethics and literature), and its relation with politics and the global economy (literature and the market) in the Latin American context. Taught in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of D-

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture

SPNS 3800. Special Topics in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Spanish language and culture. May be repeated twice for a maximum of 12 semester hours, when topics vary.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102 or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 3900. Specialized Instruction in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Designed for individuals whose language skills are at an advanced level and who seek specially focused language instruction. Such instruction might be the use of the language in specific settings, or it might be focused on specific conversational nuances of the language. Requires at least an advanced level of competence in the language. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 3990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 4655. Latin American Literature. (4 Hours)

Offers an overview of the major trends in Latin American narrative, poetry, drama, and essays, from Bernal Diaz through Borges and Bolaño. Studies broad cultural and political contexts, especially the Cold War period and the impact of neoliberalism. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of D- or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of D-

Attribute(s): NUpath Interpreting Culture, NUpath Writing Intensive

SPNS 4700. Capstone Seminar. (4 Hours)

Offers a summative research and writing experience for Spanish majors organized around an important critical question in the discipline. Explores practical applications of theories, methods, and practices of critical work on a particular topic while providing students opportunities for reflecting on the connections between their capstone and other work they have done as majors. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C- or SPNS 3502 with a minimum grade of C-

Attribute(s): NUpath Capstone Experience, NUpath Writing Intensive

SPNS 4800. Special Topics in Spanish. (1-4 Hours)

Focuses on specific aspects of Spanish language and culture. May be repeated up to three times with department approval.

Prerequisite(s): SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 4944. Cultural Engagement: Dialogue of Civilizations. (4 Hours)

Offers an on-site opportunity for students to engage with the culture(s) of Spanish-speaking regions and/or communities. Emphasizes the complexity, transnationalism, and interdisciplinary nature of culture(s). Employs a range of methodological approaches to describe and analyze how cultural practices, objects, texts, and meanings are created, distributed, and exchanged within particular social groups or geographic areas. Students may explore questions of cultural identity, meaning, representation, policy formations, and ideologies. In addition to regular in-class lectures and activities, students have the opportunity to engage in a dialogue with members of the local communities about their perspectives on relevant cultural topics and everyday experiences. May be repeated once. Conducted in Spanish.

Prerequisite(s): Placement in SPNS 2101 with a score of 2101 or SPNS 2101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 2102 with a score of 2102 or SPNS 2102 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3101 with a score of 3101 or SPNS 3101 with a minimum grade of C- or Placement in SPNS 3102 with a score of 3102 or SPNS 3102 with a minimum grade of C-

SPNS 4990. Elective. (1-4 Hours)

Offers elective credit for courses taken at other academic institutions. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 4992. Directed Study. (1-4 Hours)

Offers students a way of going beyond work given in the regular curriculum; may also enable students to complete major or minor requirements in certain situations. Priority is given to language majors and to juniors and seniors. May be repeated without limit.

SPNS 5976. Directed Study. (1 Hour)

Offers independent work under the direction of members of the department on a chosen topic. Course content depends on instructor. May be repeated without limit.